Satria, M.T. et al. (2012) GPU acceleration of tsunami propagation model

Solve the Navier Stokes Shallow water equation (Saint-Venant equations) in 2D by a MacCormack scheme using a CUDA C code applying actual approaches to improve the performance.

Is a good reference to start a CUDA code because has the principal optimizations.

Chaudhry, H. (2008) Open-Channel Flow

Typos:

1. Equation (7-23) is not correct. The correct equation is: \Theta = \frac{\Sqrt{Fr^2-1}}{3 Fr}+1/3 \tan^{-1} \left( frac{1}{ \Sqrt{Fr^2-1} }\right)
2. Equation (8-13). The second row is H=F- \nu f'( \epsilon ) E.
3. Equation (14-14). The first term after the equality is V^k_{i-1}.
4. Eq. (14-48). After the 3erd term of the left hand side (V^2 A) is necesary sum g A \row(y).
5. Eq. (14-61). In the fourth row, the last term should be: 1/3! \frac{\partial^3 y}{\partial x^3}(\Delta x)^3.
6. Eq (14-62) The last term must be multiplied by g.
7. Pag. 413. The equation at the end of the first line should be: sin \varphi = \sqrt{1-sin \alpha_x sin \alpha _y}
8. Eq. (16-83) insted of C_F should be k_s.
9. Pag. 485 line 8. instead of Ea. 17-10 should be 17-8.
10. Pag. 487. in multiple entries instead of 17-9 should be 17-19
11. Pag. 497. There are multiple references to equations that should be corrected. 

Kerger,F. (2012) Three-phase bi-layer model for simulating mixed flows

" To simulate air-entrapment and air-entrainment in transient mixed flow, this research establishes an original bi-layer three-phase mathematical model (section 2), which is then discretized  to develop the original computational code WOLF IMPack (section 3). In section 4, the validity and applicability of this module are asssessed by comparison with experimental, analytical, and numerical results."

This approach use 2 equations (continuity and momentum)  for the inferior mix water-air layer and 2 equations (continuity and momentum) for the superior air layer and 1 equation of diffusion of the air inside the  mix water-air layer. These 5 equations are solved by a finite volume method.

The applications show a good accuracy.

Gonzales,M. et al (2012) Transient two-dimensional simulation of real flood events in a mediterranean flodpalin

2D models avoid simple approximations like the 1D but with less cost than the 3D models.

DTMs could represent the terrain with good precision but the zones with water normally are represented with the top surface in DTMs, giving an uncertainty (Hunter et al. 2008) that must be the focus point in the terrain representation in Hydraulic models.
Governing Equations Use the depth average Navier Stokes equations using Manning to approximate the shear terms. To solve use the finite volume method with first order in time and space. Use some temperature model not explained but not use a ground water model that become with under or overstimation of the flooded area.
Discussion "An accurate prediction of flood inundation extent is a good test of model capabilities and is of a significant practical interest" (Bates et al. 1997). "Hydrologic connectivity is essential to the riparian ecosystem maintenance". "Hydromorphological processes define the dynamic equilibrium of habitat distribution with their characteristic biota (Schiemer et al. 1999)".

Typos:

1. Change between the decimal point and the multiplication sign to express the values of Fit_A (last 2 lines pp 633).
2. The equipment not have accuracy, they have precision. the accuracy correspond to the method. If you are measuring area the accuracy must be in units of area ( 6th line pp 634).
3. Change between the decimal point and the multiplication sign to express the values of Fit_D (last 14-15 lines pp 635).
4. The description of the Hydrograph II was refered at L1 location and compared with Fig. 6, but Fig. 6 show the Hydrographs at L6 (pp 636).
5. Change between the decimal point and the multiplication sign to express the values of \eta_0 (line 4, pp 639)

El Perú

Nuestra nación se llama: El Perú no solo Perú el articlulo "El" se uso desde la colonia para designar el señorio e importancia que tenia este virreynato. En la independencia el País era el más importante y poderoso del continente. Por lo que, se le asigno el articulo "El" en su creación. La dificultad en inglaterra y Estados unidos de pronunciar "El" y de identificarlo como parte del país hizo que no se use más en documentos ingleses que pasarón a ser voz popular en el mundo. Hoy en día para mantener un estadar y por la falta de conocimiento en lo importante que es tener este titulo ha hecho que el congreso peruano en la ultima constitución nombre al país solo como Perú aunque la nación mantiene el titulo de "El Perú".

Es tan absurdo quitarle el "El" como sería quitarle la tilde a la u de "Perú" solo porque el resto del mundo lo utiliza así. Nuestra identidad depende de que conozcamos de donde viene nuestro nombre y que nos sintamos orgullosos de los titulos que tenemos.

Trabajos

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